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Unlike SKY, many streaming services offer closed captioning with customisation options through their propriety software or Android and some with multiple languages. Some platforms like Lingopie, focus on language learning with built-in translation features and have Netflix extensions. Third-party extensions offer similar functions, allowing one look at dictionary definitions and translation but mostly work only on laptops or chrome and may be removed from chrome store at any time (Appendix.A.3.5). Sky can maintain its competitive edge by offering basic customisation options and addressing existing user concerns related to its CC feature, and the unique "Lookup and Translate" feature will provide a distinct advantage. Upcoming OFCOM regulation, which will soon extend to streaming services means Sky Glass and other providers must ensure accurate, timely, and synchronised closed captioning to comply with UK Equality Act, FCC regulations and OFCOM guidelines. (Appendix.A.2.6) Unique Selling Point Real-Time learning using “Lookup and translate” Customisable language experience. Bookmarking for easy access Available on TV, reaching a broader audience (Statista, 2024). User Analysis (Appendix.A.3.2) The demand for captions and subtitles is fuelled by accessibility needs, enhanced comprehension, and legal compliance (VITAC, 2024). Focusing on comprehension, subtitles can aid in understanding for sign language users, people with learning difficulties and non-native speakers (Andresen, 2023; Sign Solutions, 2023). While the rise in subtitle use may be influenced by the growing popularity of foreign language content (Multilingual, 2022), linking spoken word to subtitles is important for language learning and comprehension (Pannatier & Bétrancourt, 2024). Without addressing language needs, users can experience a situational disability and Linguistic exclusion (Piller, 2022), which can lead to social isolation, misinformation and stress (UNESCO, 2026). The overlap in comprehension needs, also highlights the importance of addressing overlapping challenges (Transcription City, 2024).

"Marco is an international student learning a new language who needs more accessible customisation and language options for CC because he finds SKY Glass’s current offerings very distracting and limiting, making him feel confused when he can’t understand the dialogue, leading to a disinterested viewing experience.”

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Accessibility Ensuring subtitles are large enough with sufficient contrast for optimal visibility (Wallace, 2023), accommodating users with visual impairments or reading difficulties (BBC Academy, 2024). Centralised customisation We focused on language customisation but also explored other options to ensure alignment with Sky's broader goals. Structure The design is optimised for TV navigation (Pacheco, 2017) with a top-placed back button and strategically positioned buttons for easy D-Pad use and quick exiting. Translation Users can access translations via the full translation screen or the quick translation option using the D-Pad. Bookmark Functionality Users can easily bookmark for uninterrupted viewing.

UX Testing 5 participants tested. Hypothesis Validation (Appendix.D.6) Lookup % in range Proved 80% Within 15 second 100% Yes 80% success rate 100% Yes 80% score as easy to use 100% Yes Translation % in range Proved 80% Within 10 seconds 100% Yes 80% success rate 100% Yes 80% score as easy to use 100% Yes Bookmarking % in range Proved 80% Within 10 second 60% No 80% success rate 60% No 80% score as easy to use 60% No Language Customization % in range Proved 70% Within 20 second 100% Yes 80% success rate 100% Yes 80% score as easy to use 80% Yes Survey Note: Sample size needs expanding for more refined results and accuracy. Key Takeaways Users with accessibility needs value the lookup feature. (Figure 3) Language learners and Deaf users are don’t have issues with pausing to use feature (86% & 100% respectively) (Figure 2) Key Survey Statistics 74 respondents with different accessibility needs (Figure 1) Survey Link Distribution: Facebook disability and language groups, WhatsApp and online forums. Figure 1 Demographics Figure 2 Pausing content Figure 3 Lookup feature Recommendations Common themes Recommendations Priority When Illustration Can’t find the bookmark Make Bookmarking clearer Minor Immediate Figure 4 Had to move D-Pad to immediately exit lookup Place back button at top left for easy access Minor immediate Figure 4 I just want to be able to view a quick translation Add a quick translation option to the menu Minor Immediate Figure 5 How do I select the translation language Added a default translation option Moderate Immediate Figure 6 Out of scope Removed BSL High Immediate Figure 7 I don’t want to have to view whole clip when I visit bookmark Allow users to view text first and have option replay clip Minor Immediate Figure 8